My Last Duchess By Browning Essays - My Last Duchess,

My Last Duchess By Browning One of the greatest Victorian poets and masters of the dramatic monologue, Robert Browning was born in London on the seventh of May in 1812. His father was a clerk at the Bank of England and mostly educated Browning at home. He attended London University in 1828, but withdrew after his second term. After his first publication in 1833, Pauline: A Fragment of a Confession, he received little attention and only random criticism of his later works. It was not until 1869 when The Ring and the Book was published that he received recognition and began to build his reputation. Prior to his success, he married Elizabeth Browning against her father's wishes and stayed deeply devoted to her until her death in 1861. While married to Elizabeth, he lived in Florence, Italy, where he did some of his finest work. Nearly all of his companions and acquaintances considered him a sociable person and a gracious host, as he was well known for his dinner parties. Browning continued to publish volumes of poetry until his death on December the twelfth of 1889. Robert Browning is remembered for his mastery at capturing the essence and power of the dramatic monologue. Through symbolism, structure and technique, Browning creates the model of the ideal dramatic monologue in the poem, "My Last Duchess." "My Last Duchess" was published in 1845. "Ferrara" is the subtitle of the poem and assists in disclosing the design of the poem, a portrayal of Alfonso II, the fifth Duke of Ferrara. The historical life of Alfonso II fits intricately with the events and happenings within the poem. Alfonso II married Lucrezia de' Medici who is the daughter of the Duke of Florence. The Duke's family has a long credited name and wealth that had been around for ages. The affluence and power of the duchess's family had been newly acquired, and when comparing the two families, the Duke's was much more significant, at least in his eyes. The Duchess of Alfonso II died of poisoning in 1561. Three short years later the Duke arranged to marry Barbara, a niece of the Count of Tyrol. The speaker of the dramatic monologue is an egotistical and pompous Duke. He speaks to an envoy of the Count throughout the monologue. At the beginning of the poem, he slowly draws back the curtain and reveals a portrait. This portrait, he asserts, is his "last Duchess...looking as if she were alive" (lines1-2). The Duke continues by addressing the look upon her face and the many reasons for her blushing cheeks. Continuing the description, he depicts the duchess's ways, including her virtues of innocence and unspoiled beauty. Examples are given by the Duke of how easily she is impressed by nature and the simple pleasures of life. He claims he is disgusted by her ability to see natural beauty as an equal delectation with his name and matrimony. Then very subtly he tells the envoy how he gave orders to have "all smiles stopped together" (line 46). The envoy is completely aware of the truth about the ordered killings and the Duke's greedy reasoning for marrying the niece of the Count. The contemptuous way of the Duke is made perfectly clear to the envoy, and the envoy begins to leave. The delegate is completely aware of the truth about the ordered killings and the Duke's greedy reasoning for marrying the niece of the Count. The Duke elaborates his reasoning for marrying the duchess, by declaring it is only for the dowry. The last few lines of the poem reveal the full essence of the Duke and how he sees himself as powerful and godlike. "My Last Duchess" contains multiple symbols throughout the poem. A few of the symbols in the poem are said by the Duke pertaining to the duchess. The Duke gives examples of things she was enamored by such as the "the dropping of the daylight in the West" (line 26), the "bough of cherries" (line 27) and the white mule. She enjoys and treasures the sunset for its beauty; this the Duke finds trivial. The cherry branch given to her by a servant is white and pink which could be representative of her youth and innocence. The white mule she would ride is something that gives her pleasure, she finds it exotic and interesting. All of these gifts of nature he finds to be elementary and insignificant, but to her they are beautiful and extraordinary. The symbols told by the Duke also echo her natural splendor

Marketing Workflow Management How to Prevent Last-Minute Fire Drills

Marketing Workflow Management How to Prevent Last-Minute Fire Drills How many times have you been disrupted by a last-minute project? If you’re like most marketers, probably more times than you can count. Someone from another department has something they need done, and they havent given you enough time. Their poor planning becomes your late night at the office, and no one goes home happy. There has to be a better way, right? The key is to stop last-minute emergencies before they start with an effective marketing workflow management process. By developing a clear list of marketing services your team can provide, along with detailed timelines, you can set ground rules for how others request your team’s time. Implemented successfully, this type of process will: Eliminate last-minute headaches. Stop letting other people’s lack of foresight derail  your own teams priorities. Enable your team to work more efficiently. When team members know exactly what they’ll do each day, they can prepare more effectively. That leads to more work getting done on time with less stress. Let you go home on time. Your family misses you. Make this dream a reality and follow us through this post. DID YOU KNOW: is the only Marketing Suite that solves all a marketers problems. From scheduling and publishing social media, to fielding project requests, to producing and managing content, its a marketers dream software. Start By Developing a Marketing Services Catalog Did you ever get the Toys R Us catalog when you were a kid? If you were like me, you probably spent hours circling things you were hoping to get for the holiday season. Your marketing services catalog is similar, except instead of gadgets and gizmos, it lists all the services other departments in your company can request from you. By presenting your services this way, you can make it clear to others what you can (and cannot) do. It also helps to set realistic expectations for when you can complete the work. Your catalog should include the following: Your available services. These are the things you can do. For example, if your sales team needs sales collateral, they could choose â€Å"Presentation Slidedeck† or â€Å"One-Page Sales Sheet†. Time estimates. This is how long each type of project typically takes to complete. Point of contact. Who should people direct their requests to? Download the free Marketing Services Catalog template we’ve included in the bundle below, and we’ll show you how to complete it. By the time you’re done, you’ll have an entire service catalog ready to go.Marketing Workflow Management: How to Prevent Last-Minute EmergenciesList Your Available Services Odds are your team can create a wide array of content assets. However, you probably have limits, too. Help the rest of your organization understand what you can (and can’t) do for them by listing out all your available services. Begin by figuring out: Which types of content do you create most often? These are your bread and butter projects. Which types of content might your organization need?  It might help to discuss this with stakeholders in your organization. Who is responsible for creating each type of content or executing each type of marketing project? This will be important information to have documented later on. Determine Time Estimates For Each Service When someone asks you to do something, you should be clear about how long it will take. Instead of relying on guesswork, develop a simple process for delivering accurate estimates. This will help you set clear expectations for every project. So, how exactly can you tell how long something will take before you even get started? The answer is by tracking time on past projects and using that data to make an estimated projection. Real-world completion times might vary, but this will help you get close. Start by building a simple spreadsheet (or use the free downloadable one included in this post’s template bundle). It should look something like this: Number each project, enter its name, and the team member it’s assigned to. Then, note the days it was started and completed. Finally, track the total hours spent on each one. Make sure each project listed is the same type (ex: a blog post, sales sheet, social campaign, brochure, or anything else you’re responsible for). Have each member on your team follow this process, too. To time each project, you can use any clock, or timer app. Here are a few options: Timer Tab: free web-based timer and stop-watch. Stopwatch and Timer: Android timer app. Timer+: iOS timer app. Toggl: A robust time-tracking app for every platform imaginable. There’s nothing complicated about this. You just need to develop a decent sample size of projects. Then, calculate the average time it takes to complete. Repeat this process for different types of projects, and you’ll quickly develop a baseline for how long work should take. Tip: To keep time tracking neat and orderly, round minutes to the nearest quarter-hour. Ex: 2.25, 5.75, 3.5, etc. Build Repeatable Workflow Checklists for Every Project and Task If you have recurring projects you complete on a routine basis, build a checklist for each one. It’s a lot easier to get the work done thoroughly and consistently when you develop habits to tackle them quickly. With well-written checklists, you’ll eventually be able to work through tasks faster, without missing any important details. There are a few steps involved in doing this the right way. Let’s walk through them. Map Out Project Workflows and Timelines Now that you’ve determined how long projects take for each team member, it’s time to bring that together and determine how long projects take in total. Begin by listing out each step involved in completing a given task, and who is responsible for each task: Then, determine how many days to leave for project handoffs (periods where one team member is done with their steps and passing it along to the next person). This should be based on the average number of hours it takes to complete each step (on average). This should give you an accurate picture of how long it takes your team to get something done. Be sure to include enough breathing room for any roadblocks or plan changes you might encounter. Ideally, you’ll be able to work ahead, so you’re not always working directly against a deadline. Create Marketing Project Checklists List the steps for each project included in your service catalog. Include the name of the team member responsible for each step, and note how many days each person has to complete their work. This helps remove ambiguity around who is doing what, and when they’re supposed to finish it. To make this easier, you can use the free checklist template we’ve included in your free template bundle. Here’s what it looks like: Again, this is an extremely simple template. However, laying out each step for every project (and doing each one in the most efficient order) can be powerful for building productive habits. Here’s a quick interview between Atul Gawande (author of The Checklist Manifesto) and WYNC covers the psychology behind this. He applies this principle to medicine, but it works for marketing, too: To use the checklist above, name it for a specific project. Then, fill in each field accordingly. Here’s an example of what it might look like once complete: Alternately, we’ve also included a printable checklist template you can use. Here’s what it looks like: Use the one you prefer most. customers can also build reusable checklists using Task Templates. They make it easy to create checklists, keeping track of your progress percentage toward goal each time you check off a completed task. Build Your Marketing Services Catalog Once you’ve built a full list of project types and time estimates, you’re ready to build your catalog. Use the free downloadable Marketing Service Catalog template included in this post to complete this next step. Find the following section in your template. Then, fill in the appropriate fields: Fill in the first line with the project category. Then, on the second line, add the specific project type. Below that, add in the amount of time that work should take to complete. If there is someone specific in your organization that should be contacted for that request, include their contact information, too. Next, copy and paste this block of text as many times as you need to fill out all your available service categories and project types. Here's what it might start to look like once it's filled in: Once you've added all your available services, scroll up to the Table of Contents page (the second page in the template). Then, click Insert on the top tool bar, and drill into Index and Tables. Select your style format of choice, and click OK. This will auto-populate a clickable table of contents: Next, we'll outline a process your organization can use to request projects and "bill" your time. Store your catalog on an intranet, distribute copies via email, or get it in your organization's hands the best way possible. That way, they'll have it on hand when they need your team's time. Recommended Reading: How to Boost a Marketing Workflow Process That Will Reduce Work By 30-50% Develop A Time-Billing Process Agency folks understand how billing time works. You track time for each team member on each project and bill your client accordingly per your hourly rates. In-house marketers creating collateral for other internal teams can apply a similar framework, too. Do this by giving other teams an hourly budget for your team members time. Each time they request a project, you can give them an hourly â€Å"cost,† and a timeline for completion. This can help you manage your time effectively and reduce pressure from last-minute requests. This process can help you manage your time effectively and reduce pressure from last-minute...To do this, start by answering these two questions: How much time per week can each team member apply to projects outside our own marketing department’s goals?  Now that you’ve calculated how much time it takes for each person to complete different tasks, you can easily figure this out. How often do we receive outside requests?  For example, if you know your sales team will need collateral from you every two weeks, and you know how long those pieces take to create, you can set aside an acceptable amount of time. Set Up a Project Request Form Next, you’ll need to set up a project request form for other teams to use. This is how they’ll ask for your team’s time to work on projects they need. Google Forms makes this easy. Follow along to build out the fields you’ll need. Step 1:  Visit Google Forms and select Blank: Step 2:  In the Title field, enter Marketing Project List. Then, under Description, enter â€Å"Complete this form to request a project from our marketing team.† Feel free to edit either of these as you like. Step 3:  List each type of marketing project someone can request. Keep adding more until you’ve listed everything available. Step 4:  Click the slider to make this field required: Step 5:  Click the plus sign to add another question. Step 6:  From the drop-down menu, select Short Answer. Step 7:  Fill in the question text. Something to the effect of â€Å"When does this need to be done?† will work. Step 8:  Keep adding more questions as necessary. You might also want to include project notes, contact information, or anything else that might help in your specific situation. As you proceed, drag the questions into the correct order by clicking and dragging on the six dots you see pictured: Step 9:  Add one more short answer question for name and department. Step 10:  Next, click the Settings gear icon in the upper right, and restrict the form to people within your company (if you’re using G Suites). Step 11:  Decide who will be responsible for managing the flow of incoming project requests. This should be a project manager, department head, or other senior-level staffers. Step 12:  Click Send. Then, click the link icon. Copy and paste that link into your browser. Step 13:  You’ll now see your form live. Look it over and make sure it’s good to go. Step 14:  Make the link to your form available to your organization. Here are a couple of options: Send the link to everyone in the company and ask them to bookmark it. Include a link in any centralized project management, communication tool, or intranet you might use. You can embed forms too by clicking Send, then clicking : DID YOU KNOW: Managing complex campaigns and projects is easy using ? See how our marketing calendar software makes project management easy. Step 15:  Now, when people respond, you’ll see them under the Responses tab. Here’s what they look like. To see more detail, click over to the Individual tab: Now, you can see exactly what is being requested. Step 16:  Go back to the Responses page, and click Make Spreadsheet. This will create a Google Sheet that includes all your responses: Step 17:  Finally, go back to form, and click the three vertical dots. Now, choose â€Å"Get email notifications for new responses.† This will send an email to the email address associated with the creator of the form, letting you know every time someone has a project request. There you go! You now have a simple and reliable framework for accepting work requests from your organization. Here's how to build a simple and reliable framework for accepting work requests from your...Managing Your Team's Time Each member of your team has a finite number of hours per week. They also have multiple demands competing for their time and attention. That means managers need to do two things: Ensure their teams aren't overloaded. If you allow them to take on too many tasks,  it defeats the purpose of this workflow management process. Ensure their team members are accountable for hitting deadlines. Make sure they're making the most of their time and getting the work done. Earlier, we mapped out project workflows and timelines. Now, we'll show you how to make sure those  processes are realistic and workable. Have each member of your team track their time using the Employee Time Sheet Template included in this post. Here's what it looks like: Each person should fill out the name of each project they work on, and how many hours they spend on them. Then, at the end of the week or month, they can submit their time sheet to a supervisor or project manager. This way, you can easily keep track of how well your workflows are, well, working. Recommended Reading: The Complete 16-Step Marketing Project Management Process That Will Get You Organized Plan Everything on One Marketing Calendar Once you have multiple marketing projects in progress, you'll want one centralized place to see everything. This is where you need a marketing calendar. Consider using the Marketing Scheduling Calendar Template included in your template bundle: This template is built in Excel and makes it easy to map out projects month to month.  Paste it into Google Sheets or the cloud-based version of Excel, and your entire team will be able to see every project in progress, all in one place. Or, if you're ready to move up to marketing tool, try . Field Marketing Requests with Zapier and Rather than sifting through that project request spreadsheet, you can set up to automatically create projects on your calendar when a request comes through. Here's how it works: Go through the process of creating the Google form like discussed above. When your Google Form is created, connect your account to the Google Form using Zapier. When you finish connecting the Google Form to Zapier, begin to connect the form's fields to 's Project in Zapier. Here's how: Choose Title: projectname and  Description: description Next,  add more labels to project requests, choose a project type or color label. Finally, choose a Project Owner, Status, and whether or not you want the request to go to the Idea Board. Choosing an owner for all requests will notify a specific individual any time a new request is created. If you don't want a marketing request to be automatically scheduled on your live calendar, you can send the requests directly to your Idea Board to manually schedule later based on team bandwidth. If you choose to have your marketing request go straight to the Idea Board, here's what it will look like. You can then drag and drop each request on to your calendar to schedule them based on your team's workload and content plan. Conflict Resolution: How to Say No and Defend Your Team’s Time The goal behind creating a marketing workflow management system is to protect your time against unreasonable last-minute requests. It forces your organization to respect your team’s time, while clearly communicating how long work will take. This sets up realistic expectations for everyone and cuts down on internal conflict. However, how do you handle disagreements if they do come up? Maybe HR doesn’t understand why you can’t create a recruiting brochure in two days. Or, perhaps your PR team is flustered because they need collateral for an event in a week, and need you to deliver it right now. You can always pass responsibility back where it belongs: with the team that didn’t plan ahead effectively. You’ll want to handle those conversations with care, though, and you don’t want to look like you’re unfriendly or process-driven to a fault, either. There are going to be times where changes in plans require some quick hustling, and you should be prepared to help (sometimes). Recommended Reading: The Top 101 Marketing Time Management Strategies You Need to Succeed Saying No Professionally and Politely A lot of us hate saying no to projects. Unless you like constantly derailing your own priorities, though, it’s an essential skill to have. Understand the need to protect your own time.  We naturally want to help when we’re asked to do something. If diverting your attention away is going to result in your own work suffering, though, it might not always be worth it. Understand that you don’t have to get into the weeds explaining yourself.  The person requesting your time probably doesn’t care exactly why you can’t help them right away. As long as you can explain you have important projects to complete, that should be enough (and will save time for both of you). If you can’t help, try to find someone who can.  If there’s someone else in your organization who can help, refer the requester to the next best possible contact. They’ll appreciate your thoughtfulness and everyone will get more done. For more on saying no, we recommend this excellent guide from Lifehacker.

Question 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Question 1 - Essay Example This was also the position of Montesquieu,2 who was concerned with the preservation of political liberty. Theoretically, each branch has unique and particular functions that are suitable to either. The constitution provides the powers of the legislature, which is generally to make laws and to legislate. The executive has the authority to made decisions on administration and enforcing laws, and the judiciary is mandated with interpreting laws and punishing those who break them. The goal of the Constitution is to prevent tyranny by dispersing power so that no one body has a monopoly. An absolute separation of these powers with none overlapping with the other is not practical and would put the government at a standstill. The doctrine does not demand absolute or rigid separation as it is not possible. The Federal Constitution offers a relaxed version of the separation of powers. These roles actually overlap and one power finds itself doing the work of the other in the process of doing its duties. They also cat as checks and balances for each other. For example, the power to make laws belong to the parliament and courts has the interpretative role of the same laws. Courts also checks on the executive by reviewing their decisions and striking them on grounds of judicial review. The executive also interferes with the judiciary as it appoints judges in the judiciary and is clothed with the powers of prerogative pardon. This undermines courts executive powers to prevent interference with their proceedings and to secure enforcement of their decisions. Further, the Senate has a role in appointments and treaties checks on the President. The Congress also has the authority to prevent fraud and abuse of author ity in the other two branches. Therefore, separation of powers is only a theoretical rather than a practical doctrine. From this, it is quite

Financial Incentives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

Financial Incentives - Essay Example Financial incentives put a value on the accomplishment made by the member of staff. It serves to encourage brilliant and capable but unenthusiastic employees thus raising their efficiency. In addition, it creates healthy competition among workers thus increasing the turnover. It motivates an employee to focus on the target set. It leads to the attachment of the individual to the company, therefore, growing their level of commitment. Moreover, it links additional productivity with added pay. The other merits of financial incentives are to serve as the machinery of attracting other expert workforce and motivating workers to put forth extra effort. However, financial incentives can sometimes be small and demoralizing if not earned. It can also have a negative impact on unenthusiastic employees, who will fail to meet the set targets. Furthermore, it causes rifts and divisions among the workers, which will in turn negatively affect the productivity, hence the overall turnover of the company. In addition, it may lead to discrimination of the under performers and ineffective evaluation of individual skills since it is based on performance. Lack of training of supervisors on ways to determine the performance, may lead to the incentives not being standard, which leads to discontent among the employees. The downside of offering financial incentives to achieve customer satisfaction is the employees focus is short term, which does not reflect the company’s long-term goals. Moreover, it does not offer a system that measures the value of the employee’s skills. The focus on short-term goals causes the discounting of potential income of business at an elevated rate than is best for the business. The other incentives apart from financial incentives the company can offer include gift certificates, plaques, individual travel program, merchandize prizes, commissions, stocks and shares in the company and achievement recognition of the employees. The company has been in the market extensively to develop goodwill repute for quality, q. This repute is based on the quality of service and customer care distinctiveness.

Business financing and the capital structure Assignment

Business financing and the capital structure - Assignment Example Companies can either decided to use equity or debt or a combination of the both. Whichever source is chosen; the following should be noted: Debt finance is a source that earns a fixed return (interest) to the lender. The interest is fixed at the par value of the debt (face value). This source of finance is ideal to be sought by a company that has a strong base of equity. Debt funding is only available to qualified companies based on credit ratings, and its availability is limited to the value of the security provided (Chandra, 2011). Advantages of Using debt finance – first, the interest charged on the debt is tax allowable. Second, the cost of debt is fixed regardless of the profits made by a company and due to that, under high profits, the cost of debt becomes lower. Third, it does not involve many formalities and due to that, it is suitable when a source of finance is required urgently. Fourth, if the debt is long-term, the amount owing declines with time, thus reduces the repayment burden to the borrower. Fifth, this type of finance does not influence a company’s decision since creditors do not participate in the annual general meeting (Chandra, 2011). Disadvantages of debt finance – first, it can only be invested with the lender’s approval. Second, when used in excess, the creditors might demand a representation on the Board of Directors. The representation might affect a company’s decision-making. Third, it is risky to use it during an economic decline because its usage might send a company into receivership. Lastly, it is only available for specific ventures, thus might affect the flexibility of the company’s investment strategy (Chandra, 2011). Equity capital - it is raised from the public through the sale of ordinary shares. This source of finance is available exclusively to Limited Companies. It is a changeless finance source, as the shareholders cannot review this cash except under liquidation. It is, along these lines,

How Economic Systems Allocate Resources Effectively

How Economic Systems Allocate Resources Effectively Executive Summary Learning outcome two comprises of three questions. The first question speaks about economic systems; it will be explained in the research how these economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively. According to Samuelson (n.d.) these three economic systems are: Mixed economy, command and free market. ‘Mixed economies may have a distinct private sector, where resources are allocated primarily by market forces, such as the grocery sector of the UK economy. Command economy: ‘Markets enable mutually beneficial exchange between producers and consumers, and systems that rely on markets to solve the economic problem are called market economies. This method is referred to as central planning and economies that exclusively use central planning are called command economies. In other words governments direct or command resources to be used in particular ways’. These will be thoroughly explained in the research. The second question speaks about fiscal and monetary po licies, fiscal policy is basically a tool used determine rules with respect to the expenditure of a government. Monetary policy influences the extent of money supply in an economy. Ghuman (2005). The last question speaks to competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms in an organization. Background/ Rationale The aim of the research is to provide the researcher with an understanding of different organizations, the influence of stakeholders and the relationship between business and the local, national and global environment. On successful completion of learning outcome two, the researcher will understand the nature of the national environment in which business operate. The researcher will understand how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively, the researcher will also understand the impact of fiscal and monetary policy has on business organizations and their activities and also the impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanism and the activities of an organization. Profile 1 Mission Statement: To provide business planning and marketing strategy consulting services to help businesses become even more successful. Bryan’s consulting Firm Contact Information: Email Address: [emailprotected] Fax Number: 9044765 Office Number: 9086712 Bryan’s consulting firm was founded in 1993. This company is under the supervision of Miss Chinelle Bryan and Cyril Mathiaz. They are located on the tropical plaza in half way tree Kingston. Bryan’s consulting firm is a partnership organization. They are assisted by a staff of fifteen well trained and educated workers. A few of these workers are Jada Fyffe,Janae Chung and Aaliya Ftffe,who are under the fields of communication and knowledge and information interaction and human resource management. Bryan’s consulting firm targets small struggling businesses. The services offered by the company are to provide enrichment and fulfilment, create solutions to problems and help businesses develop effectively. The company is unique `because of their superior customer service, they think both internally and externally, and they are the only consulting firm in Jamaica that opens 24 hours. Their prices and their guarantee also make them unique. The goals and objectives of B ryan’s consulting firm are: superior customer service, growth, efficiency, retention, support opportunity, building amazing service, have happy customers, increase revenue, increase profit and build the community. Miss Bryan and Cyril Mathiaz were inspired to create this business because of their personal struggles with their small business in the past..†You push the limits, we measure it†. Profile 2 Chixae’s variety store Contact Information: Email Address: [emailprotected] Fax Number: 9092145 Office Number: 9017123 Mission Statement: The mission is to build permanent habits through daily practices. This mission is to make a profit that will not only benefit our company but to give back to the community. Chixae Variety Store was established in 2010. This store is governed by Chinelle Bryan and Xae Boreland. Their store can be found on the Springs Plaza in Half Way Tree Kingston. This is a partnership organization. Chinelle Bryan and Xae Boreland are assisted by ten well trained and oriented workers who are under the departments of: Cashier, Sanitization, Assistance- customers, and collector- Collection of bags when entering the store. The company is unique because it’s a store that everything is offered under one roof and their prices are unbeatable. The goals and objectives of Chixae’s variety store are: to give back to the community, have happy customers, and a superior customer service. This store was created by because Xae and Chinelle wanted a place where one can purchase almost everything under the same roof at an affordable price and that’s exactly what is offered at Chixae’s variety store. Chixae’s variety store targets both old and young pe ople. The mission is to build permanent habits through daily practise; to indicate to customers that they can get all they want under the same roof, at an affordable price and getting good quality for their â€Å"little money†. However, they are now facing some difficulties because of the lack of communication and knowledge and information interaction skills. Objectives To identify how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively To assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organizations and their activities To evaluate the impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organization Methodology Qualitative research is designed to reveal a target audience’s range of behaviour and the perceptions that drive it with reference to specific topics or issues. It uses in-depth studies of small groups of people to guide and support the construction of hypotheses. The results of qualitative research are descriptive rather than predictive. The research consists of the secondary research method. The research is qualitative based, reason being, interviews will be carried out with stakeholders, this type of research is more efficient, less time consuming and inexpensive. Secondary sources entail the usage of internet sources. The limitation the researcher had are some information seemed old or the internet may provide different answers to a question which posed difficulties for the researcher as the researcher would not know which of the answers are correct. The information collected was controlled, processed and evaluated in order to meet objectives of Chixae’s variety Store. The research questions will be analysed critically giving examples matching the organization that was assessed. LO2- Understand the nature of the national environment in which businesses operate 2.1 Explain how economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively Mixed economies ‘Mixed economies may have a distinct private sector, where resources are allocated primarily by market forces, such as the grocery sector of the UK economy. Mixed economies may also have a distinct public sector, where resources are allocated mainly by government, such as defence, police, and fire services. In many sectors, resources are allocated by a combination of markets and panning, such ashealthcare and, which have both public and private provision’ (Samuelson n.d.) Free Markets ‘Markets enable mutually beneficial exchange between producers and consumers, and systems that rely on markets to solve the economic problem are called market economies. In a free market economy, resources are allocated through the interaction of free and self-directed market forces. This means that what to produce is determined consumers, how to produce is determined by producers, and who gets the products depends upon the purchasing power of consumers’. (Samuelson n.d.) Command Economics Another solution to the economic problem is the allocation of scarce resources by government, or an agency appointed by the government. ‘This method is referred to as central planning and economies that exclusively use central planning are called command economies. In other words governments direct or command resources to be used in particular ways’. (Samuelson n.d.) 2.2 Assess the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organizations and their activities According to Ghuman (2010), ‘Fiscal policy instrument determines the rules and regulations with respect to the nature and extent and taxation and expenditure by the government. The extent of tax collection and government expenditure in different domains significantly impacts the profit position of a business entity’. Monetary policy: ‘This policy influences the extent of money supply in an economy. Depending on the requirement of a country to give boost or control inflation, its government makes modification in monetary policy. These changes impact both the availability and the cost of funds for business organizations. The monetary policy also influences the value of the national currency in the international market, the impacting profit position of the companies operating in the global market. Ghuman (2005) 2.3 Evaluate the impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of a selected organization The selected organization is the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). Established by the fair trading Act 1973, is a non- profit organization of the United Kingdom. The Fair Trading Act basically requires competition law and protection. OFT’s main objective is fairness. They make sure markets work well for consumers, ensuring that there is fair competition among all trading firms. Its role power changed with the Enterprise Act which was passed in 2002. ‘Department for Business Innovation and Skills (BIS) announce further reforms to the UK consumer and competition regimes. In accordance with the provisions of the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) was established in April 2014 and combines many of the functions of the OFT and the Competition Commission and replace both’. (Office of Fair Trading 2014). Competition commission was a public body who was responsible for investigating market merges and other things related to regulatory industries that are a part of the competition law in the U.K. The Business Innovation and Skills (BIS) announced further reform to the UK consumer and competition regimes. The competition market authority (CMA) which was established in April 2014 combined many of the functions of the OFT and competition commission and replace both. (Office of Fair Trading 2014), ‘Competition Commission Monopolies and Mergers Commission replaced on 1 April 1999. It was created by the Competition Act 1998, although most of its powers were governed by the Enterprise Act 2002’. The competition commission was removed on the first of April in the year 2014 and was replaced by the competition authority (CMA), this took over many responsibilities of the OFT. Conclusion In concluding, on successful completion of learning outcome, the nature of national environment in which business operate was looked at. Learning outcome focused on three questions. The researcher first spoke about economic systems; it was explained in the research how these economic systems attempt to allocate resources effectively. Samuelson (n.d.) Mixed economy, command and free market. ‘Mixed economies may have a distinct private sector, where resources are allocated primarily by market forces, such as the grocery sector of the UK economy. Command economy: ‘Markets enable mutually beneficial exchange between producers and consumers, and systems that rely on markets to solve the economic problem are called market economies. This method is referred to as central planning and economies that exclusively use central planning are called command economies. In other words governments direct or command resources to be used in particular ways’. The three were explained in the research. The researcher then went on by talking about fiscal and monetary policies, fiscal policy is basically a tool used determine rules with respect to the expenditure of a government. Monetary policy influences the extent of money supply in an economy. Ghuman (2005). Lastly, the researcher gave a brief outline of competitio n policy and other regulatory mechanisms in an organization. Recommendations The uttermost goal of any organization is to make a profit and have a long term business. In order for Chixae’s Variety Store to be around for a long time, it is recommended they understand the business environment. Chixae’s Variety Store should understand the nature of the national environment in which they operate. The researcher would recommend that they understand the economic systems to allocate resources effectively. The three are: Mixed, free market and command. The one that would be recommended for this store to allocate their resources is free market. Reason being, In a free market economy, resources are allocated through the interaction of free and self-directed market forces. This means that what to produce is determined by consumers, how to produce is determined by producers, and who gets the products depends upon the purchasing power of consumers’. (Samuelson n.d.) The researcher recommends this because with a business like Chixae’s Variety St ore, whatever they plan to do depends on their stakeholders, and to be successful, it is important they satisfy them. Everything coincides with these people, as (Samuelson n.d.) stated, ‘what to produce is determined consumers, how to produce is determined by producers, and who gets the products depends upon the purchasing power of consumers’. Lastly, the researcher recommends that Chixae’s Variety Store is knowledgeable about fiscal policy. Reason being, Fiscal policy is ‘the extent of tax collection and government expenditure in different domains significantly impacts the profit position of a business entity’. Ghuman (2010). If this is a term that explains the impacts the profit position of the business then it would be wise for every business to know what it is. References Samuelson,n.d., Economic systems. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Competitive_markets/Economic_systems.html. [Accessed 05 November 2014]. Ghuman, K G, 2010. Management: Concepts, Practice. 5th ed. West Patel Nagar, New Delhi 110008: Tata Mcgraw Hill. Office of Fair Trading, 2007. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Evaluate-The-Impact-Of-Competition-Policy/279493. [Accessed 07 November 2014].

Viral Infections :: essays research papers

VIRAL INFECTIONS: THE TRUE WHYS AND WHAT NOWS It all started with a little tickling in my throat. I forged ahead, knowing all too well what that feeling meant, I was getting sick. I convinced myself to just not think about it and it would just go away. This whole time there was an army of alien species amassing in my bloodstream and older cells. They are horrifyingly ugly, like something straight out of H. R. Geiger’s imagination. They writhe and twitch while they are on the hunt for one of your precious body cells. One can almost imagine them squealing to one another "That’s the one fellas, that is the cell we turn into Fort Viri!!". Then they attack, attaching their bodies to the cell’s only defense, it’s outer wall. The cunning viri know this dance all too well, the cell has no chance. All too quickly the viri convince the cell, via complex chemical codes to admit the viri into its life blood, the cytoplasm. Soon they would turn this doomed c ell into a virus nursery, churning out countless clones of the virus that converted the original cell. I now must resign myself to the fact that I have somehow come into contact with a virus and it has started to multiply in my body. By now the symptoms are undeniable and all encompassing. I have the flu. Viral infections are caused by a host organism taking in and precipitating the reproduction of viruses. These infections bring with them a miriad of symtoms including, but not restricted to fever, general achiness, increased mucous production, and general sluggishness. This entire chain of events starts when a person comes into contact with a virus. This can happen a number of ways: contact with infected body fluids, contact with the mucous membranes of an infected person, and even inhalation of airborne viri. When one comes into contact with a virus, it wastes no time in making your body it’s new home. It quickly finds a body cell to reproduce in, usually in the body system in which it found access to the body. For example a virus that is inhaled will usually take up residence in the lungs or throat of the host animal. Since the virus has no internal reproductive system, it finds a cell to invade and latches on to it’s cellular membrane. It does this using specialized protein chains, these act as tiny fishing hooks permanently attaching the virus to the host cell. Viral Infections :: essays research papers VIRAL INFECTIONS: THE TRUE WHYS AND WHAT NOWS It all started with a little tickling in my throat. I forged ahead, knowing all too well what that feeling meant, I was getting sick. I convinced myself to just not think about it and it would just go away. This whole time there was an army of alien species amassing in my bloodstream and older cells. They are horrifyingly ugly, like something straight out of H. R. Geiger’s imagination. They writhe and twitch while they are on the hunt for one of your precious body cells. One can almost imagine them squealing to one another "That’s the one fellas, that is the cell we turn into Fort Viri!!". Then they attack, attaching their bodies to the cell’s only defense, it’s outer wall. The cunning viri know this dance all too well, the cell has no chance. All too quickly the viri convince the cell, via complex chemical codes to admit the viri into its life blood, the cytoplasm. Soon they would turn this doomed c ell into a virus nursery, churning out countless clones of the virus that converted the original cell. I now must resign myself to the fact that I have somehow come into contact with a virus and it has started to multiply in my body. By now the symptoms are undeniable and all encompassing. I have the flu. Viral infections are caused by a host organism taking in and precipitating the reproduction of viruses. These infections bring with them a miriad of symtoms including, but not restricted to fever, general achiness, increased mucous production, and general sluggishness. This entire chain of events starts when a person comes into contact with a virus. This can happen a number of ways: contact with infected body fluids, contact with the mucous membranes of an infected person, and even inhalation of airborne viri. When one comes into contact with a virus, it wastes no time in making your body it’s new home. It quickly finds a body cell to reproduce in, usually in the body system in which it found access to the body. For example a virus that is inhaled will usually take up residence in the lungs or throat of the host animal. Since the virus has no internal reproductive system, it finds a cell to invade and latches on to it’s cellular membrane. It does this using specialized protein chains, these act as tiny fishing hooks permanently attaching the virus to the host cell.